The CO2 eaters: Climate sprit is supposed to compete with electric cars

E-fuel and biofuels

The CO2 eaters: Climate sprit is supposed to compete with electric cars

dpa/Jan Woitas Biogas system of Verbio AG.

• Site author Carl Christian Jancke

Emobility has the potential for clean traffic. However, renewable energies are still not doing enough for real electricity generation. More and more experts are therefore calling for CO2-neutral fuels to plan. A counter argument is the price – but that could change.

For links on this page, Site receives. A commission from the dealer, Z.B. For marked. More information the future of the automobile is electrical. With this credo, billion dollar subsidies are justified. Especially in the EU you want to elect car traffic in the foreseeable future. Germany has now become one of the electric pioneers in Europe thanks to various funding programs and tax privilege for Stromer.

Electric cars are bad for "Climate budget"

But of all things, the Federal Constitutional Court could put a strain on the one. Because before the electric car can drive electrically, it has to be manufactured and the battery production in particular costs powerful greenhouse gas emissions. But the charging infrastructure and the power grid are also not available for nothing. It is only saved when the electric cars are on the street and the charged current is emission -free. At the beginning, all of this is the so-called CO2 budget. And the Karlsruhe judges have judged that exactly this budget in the sense of the following generations must not be too stressed.

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More and more companies and experts therefore assume that electric cars will not be enough to meet the climate goals defined by politics. The massive use of e-fuel could already reduce greenhouse gases in the existing vehicle stock and protect the greenhouse gas budget.

From 2025, efuels are prescribed in Formula 1

An inspiration for this comes from racing. In its early history, new technologies were developed and tested on the racetrack that later flowed into the series. This year Toyota tests a newly developed hydrogen burning engine in the 24 hours of Le Mans, which burns the gas, no fuel cell that produces the electricity for electric motors onboard.

Imago Images/Motorsport Images Lewis Hamilton (R.) overtakes Max Verstappen

Porsche goes one step further. The Exxon Mobil Supercup, in which racing versions of the Porsche 911 compete against each other in the run-up to Formula 1, runs with e-fuel from 2022, so a reduction in CO2 emissions by up to 85 % is possible. This year the non -fossil fuel is already added. From 2025 such fuels are then prescribed in Formula 1. This could also put the electrically powered Formula E under pressure from which Audi and BMW get out at the end of the year. At the last race in Valencia, 15 cars with empty batteries remained, only 12 could be rated. Someone has calculated that the pouring rain and five safety phases have calculated.

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Wind energy plus water becomes climate creep

In a pilot plant in Haru Oni operated together with Siemens Energy, Chile creates green hydrogen from wind power and water. With CO2 withdrawn from the air, it becomes biomethanol, which can be produced, like conventional gasoline in different octane numbers (95, 98 and 102), from Exxon Mobile. The energy density is comparable to fossil fuels and the handling is just as easy. Methanol can easily be stored and transported with the same tankers as mineral oil. As early as 2022, 130.000 liters are produced, in 2024 55 million and around 550 million in 2026. Oliver Blume, CEO of Porsche, is removing: “Electromobility has top priority in Porsche. E -fuel for automobiles are a sensible addition – if they are produced in places in the world where sustainable energy is available in the surplus. They are an additional building block on the way to decarbonization.""

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Why e-fuel and renewable energies complement each other

Almost every incineration engine can be fueled with e-fuel as well and emits up to 15 percent of the CO2 that a petrol engine is emitted because it was previously taken from the atmosphere. Just in Patagonia. In total, the CO2 is no longer in the atmosphere.Bosch, Volkswagen and Shell also see it otherwise. “On the way to climate -friendly mobility, we must not leave any technical possibilities unused, from electromobility to renewable fuels. Every little CO2 that we save can help us reach the climate goals, ”says Dr. Uwe Gackstatter, head of Bosch’s drive division. Together with Volkswagen and Shell, “Blue Gasoline” is brought to the petrol pump this year. A fuel that initially added to 20 percent e-fuel.

Saved more than 230 tons CO2 per year

Alone with a fleet of 1000 VW Golf VIII 1.5 TSI can be used with an annual mileage of 10 each.Save 000 kilometers more than 230 tons of CO2 per year, the Swabians in charge. Biofuels and e-fuel are torpedoed by the Federal Environment Agency. In Berlin and Brussels, electromobility is placed on one side and leaves the valuable vehicle stock left on the left. In Germany, however, these are 65 million fully functional vehicles, 1.5 billion worldwide.

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Like everything, of course, the thing with the climate fuel has a horse’s foot. The chemical processes consume approximately 6-8 times in primary energy, as stored in the e-fuel. This makes production of e-fuel in Europe almost unprofitable. The electricity is too scarce and its price is too high.

Christian Charisius/dpa/symbol image A swarm birds fly past wind turbines.

Liquid electricity from Patagonia

The other way around, however, a shoe becomes out of it. E-fuel are defacto liquid electricity. And it is obtained in Patagonia with wind turbines. The wind blows more than four times more and more often than in this country. Strictly speaking, the Porsche system is the CO2-neutral export of liquid electricity, which now lowers the emissions of the existing vehicle stock. This is refined like oil and can be refined roughly in the octane strengths 95, 98 or 102. Processing as a flight petrol comparable to the kerosene is possible. The emissions of flight operations would be significantly reduced by this.

A long used car is also sustainable

Porsche therefore does not return to e-mobility. But you want to drive two tracks. After all, the Stuttgart sports cars are actually the most sustainable what you can drive. A Porsche is so valuable that repairs and restorations are worthwhile and the old mechanical and air -cooled specimens without electronics are very happy with their owners. With e-fuel you can be operated almost CO2-neutral.

dpa/Jan Woitas Biogas system of Verbio AG.

In South America, bio-sprit is an old hat. Already in 2007 18 billion liters of organic ethanol made of sugar cane were produced, which is mixed in the fuel. In 2019 it was 33.14 billion. And no, no rainforest has been cleared for that, the growing areas for sugar cane are in a completely different region. This is reported by ROdl and Partner’s auditors.

E -fuel from Norway – the "CO2 eaters"

In Norway, however, the production of e-fuel is a new thing. In “Mo Industripark” at the Arctic Circle in Mo I Rana, 1.5 percent of the Norwegian current is already consumed. However, because it is obtained from hydropower, it is in abundance on site and does not particularly affect CO2 budget. This is also due to a large steel manufacturer on site that blows a lot of CO2 into the air. From 2017, a consortium with a project for investments of approx. 250 million euros started – about 160.000 tons of CO2 are collected and converted together with the current -based hydrogen and in a second step into green methanol. The production system simply eats the greenhouse gas. Technology supplier will be the Ruhr area group Thyssenkrupp, that is, another part of the “Old Industry”, which is involved in this field.

"Green fuels" As a gigantic business

Initiators, e-fuel technology developers and project owners are Swiss Liquid Future AG and the Norwegian Mo Industrial-Fuels AS. Other partners are MO Industripark and E-Fuels2go AG. The project is liquefied with electricity from hydropower for up to 250 million liters of green methanol and can be exported to the whole world via the connected seaport."Economically, the production of synthetic fuels makes sense if the electricity price is below 4 cents per kilowatt and they are produced in large amounts of green that leads to" Economies of Scale "," says Daniel Buchter from Swiss Liqudure AG. As part of electrolysis, hydrogen is created, which is synthesized with the waste CO2. This creates methanol, which can be used as hydrogen carriers in fuel cells or is processed into e-gasoline, e-kerosine or for other areas of application-or can replace bio-ethanol as an admixture to gasoline. "Thyssenkrupp uses, for example, methanol for the operation of fuel cells in submarines and so the global aviation area as well as commercial shipping are ideal additional application areas, provided that only green electricity and waste CO2 are used", so bay.

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Costs should decrease quickly

Dr. Stefan Buske, lawyer in Munich, advises, among other things, private train companies on procurement and financing; In the field of project financing, he is advisable for the Norwegian project for the construction of an e-methanol system. He reports on other e-fuel projects: ”Neste, a Finnish leading provider, for example from Bio-Diesel, invests 190 million euros in his Rotterdam refinery in the future 500.To produce 000 tons of safe (e-kerosine) per year, Linde relies in the Leuna industrial park with 24 gigawatt electrolysis on green, liquid hydrogen and there are also new projects in Australia. The market is in motion and the degree of industrialization will decrease the costs significantly.""

Depositphotos BDL climate protection plan: Plan should go away to cheaper eco-kerosine

In the EU, however, biofuels and e-fuel are not sufficiently taken into account. While electromobility benefits from a crediting of zero emissions and a doubling of the crediting of fleet emissions in 2021, although there are considerable greenhouse gas emissions during construction, development and operation, e-fuel does not occur. The quota for 2020 has not yet been achieved by a million electric vehicles itself by significant subsidizing the purchase.

It will be difficult without political support

In this context, the judgment of the Federal Constitutional Court with the EU Directive "Renewable Energy Directive (Red II)", which is to be implemented in national law and is currently in the consulting procedure, can "Renewable Fuels of Non Biological Origin" (Rfnbo) counted? E-fuel can serve immediately and even when the addition of the sector emissions, even with mere additions. It is therefore important for the e-fuel industry that such RFNBOs, as well as hydrogen and biofuels, will be sufficiently taken into account in the future.

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Technology openness is imperative for this, says Prof. Dr. Thomas Willner from the University of Applied Sciences Hamburg. However, the draft law is far from technology open to technology, since it prefers e-mobility to prevent other measures back and to invest in alternative fuels.

E-mobility does not bring any significant CO2 reduction by 2030

“According to the data situation, e-mobility does not expect any significant net CO2 reduction compared to the status quo by 2030 and also does not bring urgently needed new regenerative energy into the system, but only binds the potential of the electricity sector in the traffic sector. This potential is then missing elsewhere – for example in industry", criticized Willner. Therefore, the crediting of the charging current should be removed from the draft law. He rejected the multiple compensation provided for in the draft law because it led to a distortion of competition. Despite a considerable headwind, the multiple billing of the supposed zero emissions of the electric cars was reduced by four times the triple factor.Willner already contacted the Federal Chancellor in an open letter in January, who has now been signed by 74 scientists. Angela Merkel did not answer, but at least the CDU/CSU parliamentary group invited him to hear.

"CO2 budget" already exhausted in 2028?

The comprehensive introduction of e-mobility with the latest recommendation data from the IPCC is not compatible. To comply with the 1.5-degree target with a probability of success of 66%, only a maximum of 300 giga tons of CO2 may be emitted by 2021 from the beginning of 2021 Global. There are currently around 40 giga tons every year worldwide. In other words: "The CO2 budget is already exhausted if the CO2 reduction is missing in 2028," says Willner. So you have to immediately reduce CO2 emissions quickly if you continue to focus on the budget approach.

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The fact that e-fuel plays a role in the mobility sector in addition to biofuels and hydrogen (as well as electromobility) also stands for Prof. Dr. Thomas Koch out of the question. He is the head of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Chairman of the Scientific Society for Motor Vehicle and Motor Technology E.V., in which professors and institute directors have come together in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. They too are committed to openness to technology for drive types and fuel/energy sources.Many big names such as Bosch, Linde Siemens Energy or Thyssen-Krupp make it plausible that efuels can prevail. At most, it is questionable whether you can contribute to improving the climate balance in Germany and the EU.

Julian Stratschulte/dpa/symbol image A photovoltaic system on a roof generates electricity.

Solar power for 1 cents per kilowatt hour

Professor Koch reports of Saudi Arabia, where the oil company Saudi Aramco is now producing solar power for 1.04 cents the Kliowatt hour. “This makes the manufacture of Efuel feasible for one liter of 1 euro. The distance to the 60 cents for one liter of fossil fuel is reduced, ”says Koch. And of course there was no mineral oil tax and no CO2 price that is ultimately a penalty tax. The CO2 price should be increased from 25 to 60 euros per ton. A car operated with normal gasoline or diesel would then hardly be affordable for lower and medium -sized income layers. In order to keep a large part of the Germans mobile, there are always only two options in times of ever sharper climate law: either drive electrically-or with air conditioning.

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